DJ Sally Jessy Raphael

 

Sally Lowenthal was born February 25th, 1935 but if you recognize that face you would better know her as Sally Jessy Raphael. But her career started in radio and according to multiple publications she was fired from eighteen of the twenty four radio stations she worked at. The 2003 book Watching TV Talk Shows, cites merely 18 "jobs" so that claim is highly questionable. But without a doubt she had a huge radio career before her breakout in Television.  Her autobiography Sally: Unconventional Success lists a nine sets of call letters: WAVS, WFAS, KDKA, WINS, WIOD, WMCA, WOR, WPIX-TV, WPLG-TV and WRC-TV.  (Note: the index includes stations she never worked at. Ex. WOR, and KDKA.)

She's still alive as of this writing, 91 years old and she's only been retired since about 2014. You probably know her as a TV talk show host. For a stage name she combined her mother's maiden, Raphael and Jessy from her father's family. It was a name she used as early as the 1970s on air. 

During her teenage years she moved between San Juan, Puerto Rico and the New York suburbs. In Scarsdale, New York she worked at the local AM radio station, 1230 WFAS-AM in White Plains. The station had a program in which Junior High School kids read the news on the air and Raphael was one of the students selected to participate. She attended Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, but no record ties her to WRCT, though it did sign on in 1949... so it's possible. 

She also attended the University of Puerto Rico in San Juan and graduated from Columbia University in New York. Raphael studied acting under at the Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theatre. Her autobiography starts in her 20s with a radio show at an unnamed station in San Juan. A caption for a picture suggests the station was 630 WKYN-AM. Her mroning show may or may not have been simulcast on WQBS 99.9 San Juan or 760 WORA-AM. It's not clear how much network was in that network. One source reported that she she hosted a cooking show on WAPA-TV in Puerto Rico. If it's true it was her first foray into television.

Before TalkNet her radio career is hard to track. Print references are few. Her autobiography is a good source but it's not a resume, it's a hard knocks tale. The hard, dated references are hwo we put the time line together. She is quoted on the back of the 1983 book Making It In Radio as Sally Jessy Raphael with TalkNet. In 1977 she won a Lulu award for the Sally Jessy Raphael Show on WMCA in New York. [SOURCE] The OPC Bulletin of November 15th 1977 has a blurb about her WMCA career as she stressed that talk shows are journalism. [SOURCE]

 "Indeed it was the capacity crowd needed, for "the fastest mike in town." For 17 years an expert in moderating radio talk shows, Raphael is most currently with WMCA. She regaled a laughing, cheering audience from the moment she stood up throughout hour she had the floor.  "This is the first time I have addressed a live audience," she declared almost shyly.  To titters, she added, she wanted to show "Why I am the greatest telephone talk person in the country, and modest."

The OPC issue from October states that "She’s been in the business 17 years, with 17 different radio or TV stations." That may be the origin of the "fired 18 times" tall tale. It goes on to add that for three years at WMCA, she did an hour-and-a-half TV program in the morning, a noon program featuring classical music and a night-time rock radio show.  If the 17 year tenure is correct, she started at the station in 1960. For that to be true she'd have had to start in 1960. According to her autobiography she was hired by WMCA in 1976 and fired in 1981. 

Yet the OPC Bulletin adds details to her resume missing from even her autobiography. In Miami, she was a radio reporter with Storer Broadcasting Corporation.  That would have to be WGBS-AM, which Storer acquired in 1945 as WFTL and moved from Ft. Lauderdale.  She also hosted her own daily public affairs program on that Post-Newsweek TV station.  Post Newsweek owned 3 different stations at one point but I think this was WPLG. But the first station she cites in her Florida tenure was 1190 WAVS-AM in Davie, FL. She eventually worked her way up to WIOD-AM in Miami.

She got a News anchor job at Channel 11, WPIX-TV in 1976, but was fired 8 months later. That probably overlapped with her part time at WINS-AM in New York. In between WINS and WMCA she was offered a full time job at KDKA and turned it down to work at WMCA rather than relocate again. [SOURCE] But after WMCA is when she went big. 

WPIX Action news, 1976

Raphael  hosted a radio call-in advice show distributed by NBC Talknet which ran from 1981 to 1987, but was so popular it went into radio syndication in 1982. Prior to that it was broadcast our of WRC-TV in Washington D.C. One source reports it ran into 1987 overlapping her TV career. 

“In Touch with Sally Jessy Raphael” debuted as a local 30-minute weekday program on Oct. 17, 1983, airing after “Donahue.” It was shot at KSDK’s studio. The Sally Jessy Raphael Show (later shortened to Sally), which ran in first-run syndication from October 17, 1983, to May 24, 2002. She rose to fame in the 1980s. But that TV talk show ran until 2002, just short of 20 years in network syndication.

The World Is Yours

May 1937 

According to the Smithsonian, their "The World is Yours" series was one of the most successful educational radio programs of of the 1930s. It's a bit self-serving but the have some evidence. Shows had supplementary print materials which could be requested for 10 cents. The Smithsonian fulfilled 800,000 requests. A monthly magazine tied to the program eventually reached a circulation of 150,000. If you're interested in more details the book Science on the Air by Marcel LaFollette discusses it's production history.

The show was initially aired on the NBC Blue network but in October 1936 moved to the NBC Red Network. It aired on Sunday afternoons throughout, but the Jay Hickerson book Ultimate Guide to Network Programming notes that it aired on Saturdays 12/7/1940 thru 09/13/1941.  Hickerson also claims it was initially broadcast under the name "Treasure House", which is harder to corroborate. The program was sponsored in part by the U.S. Department of the Interior; Office of Education. Why not the Department of Education? That wasn't founded until the Regan Administration in 1980. [It's hard to imagine today, but Republicans used to be pro-education.]

It may come as no surprise that the program was funded by the WPA (Works Progress Administration.) It ran for six years and ran for 302 Episodes in total. Some sources state 303. [Full List HERE.] That first episode was a dramatic recreation of the founding of the Smithsonian, including an appearance by Charles Greeley Abbot, then secretary of the Smithsonian. He served from 1928 to 1944, so that included the full run of the radio program. Abbot oversaw the Smithsonian's participation in this and other WPA projects, but it's unclear what hand he had in the program beyond funding. The idea for the program actually originated with William Daw Boutwell at the Office of Education. More here and here. 

August 1936

Despite that longevity, and that large number of episodes, there is little written about the program, other than by the Smithsonian itself. The Review Vol. 35 No. 34 from July 1941 includes the whole script from a single episode. [SOURCE] That one script, by Irve Tunick, refers the the opening music merely as "melodious theme." In fact it was a song titled "Knowledge and the Great Doors" and composed by Rudolf Schramm.

Irve Tunick was a prolific script writer in both television and radio. Born in 1912, his radio career started in the 1930s at WINS-AM with Cowboy Tom's Roundup and he continued writing into the 1970s. He started on The World Is Yours at the age of 26. He also wrote episodes for The Eternal Light,  Freedom's People, Towards a Better World, Gallant American Women. Studio One, Democracy in Action, Armstrong Circle Theatre, , The Bold Ones, Bonanza, Ironside, Witness, Cavalcade of America, and CBS Is There to name a few.  He wrote every episode of The World Is Yours. 

Irve Tunick

Each episode was structured a a set of vignettes, some historical, others more documentary in nature. The subject could be an individual like Zebulon Pike, a specific topic like Aluminum, or a whole field, like American Plants.The host of  the program was the "Oldtimer" which was played by Tom Hoier throughout the series. Hoier was born in Denmark in 1877, so he was 60 when the program began.  He was a very experienced Broadway actor [SOURCE] The only other recurring character was Mona Jackson who was played by Elizabeth Morgan. 

January 1937

The final episode of "The World is Yours" was presented on May 10, 1942. The Oldtimer introduced the episode by explaining that it was "strangely fitting" that the topic of the last episode was Russia and the Soviet Union. In WWII Russia fought on the side of the allies against the Nazis, so the statement seems strange now. But with government funding comes government input. The comment foreshadows the "cold war" that followed victory in 1945. More here.

Secretary Abbot formed the Smithsonian War Committee in early1942 to provide Smithsonian expertise to the war effort. The staff provided expertise, and also created a number of pamphlets. In May of 1942 The World Is Yours was suspended due to the demands of the war effort. It seems strange of course, that the radio staff be halted for military intelligence. There's not a lot of voice actors doing double duty. For the governments part, they had been converting the WPA to Defense-related tasks since 1940. They hit "full employment" in 1942, and the last head of the WPA, Howard O. Hunter, served as head of the WPA from September 1940 to May 1, 1942. Roosevelt formally ended the program in December 1942. 

March 1940

The Smithsonian Archives kept approximately 138 recordings in the form of 300 sixteen-inch transcription discs from the series and scripts for another 59. The collection also includes quarter inch tapes. In 2019 The Smithsonian began digitizing the collection. Because the program was funded by the federal government, the episodes are public domain. 

Matinee with Bob and Ray

 

 

Somehow I missed the memo on Bob and Ray. They were on the air for 50 years and I completely missed the boat, discovering them only post-mortem, in the form of a beat up paperback with an introduction by Andy Rooney. Bob and Ray were Bob Elliott (1923–2016) and Ray Goulding (1922–1990). My own mother often said "Write if you get work!" as people left the house. It took me decades to realize she was quoting Bob & Ray.

Elliott and Goulding began as radio announcers. Elliott and Goulding were both on 850 WHDH-AM in Boston. Elliot was an announcer and Goulding a DJ with a morning show. (Some biographies switch the roles and describe Elliot as a DJ and Goulding as a newscaster.) The book Bob and Ray: Keener Than Most Persons by David Pollack gives another version where Elliot presented a demo for Back Bay Matinee he based on an AFRS program. The Music Director Ken Wilson put him on air every afternoon from 2:00 to 4:00. Then Wilson paired him with Goulding to improvise banter as a fill-in when Red Sox baseball broadcasts rained out. Elliott and Goulding (not yet known as Bob and Ray) would improvise and joke around with the studio musicians. It was a comedy recipe you see to this day on late night programs; from Johnny Carson through Jimmy Kimmel. The duo started writing skits to make it work.

Their shtick was a slight twist on the old vaudeville routine. It wasn't a matter of which one was the Straight man. They were both the straight man; something Elliott conceded to Mike Sacks, for the book Poking a Dead Frog: Conversations With Today’s Top Comedy Writers.  “We were both sort of straight men reacting against the other.” Every punchline is silly but completely deadpan, prefiguring Stephen Wright but without the irony. Their trademark sign-off was "This is Ray Goulding reminding you to write if you get work"; "Bob Elliott reminding you to hang by your thumbs." 

After a few months WHDH gave them a morning show simply called Bob & Ray in 1946.  The program started as a 15-minute slot and then expanded to half an hour. The show continued to expand. In the fall of 1947, the pair were given a daily half hour at 1:00 PM called Matinee with Bob and Ray. In 1949 WHDH increased power from 5,000 watts to 50,000 watts and wildly expanded it's coverage and the audience for the duo. After 5 years in Boston, they got a 13-week contract with NBC and started a one hour Saturday Night program in 1951. By 1952 they also had an early morning show on WNBC as well. More here.

In 1955 they signed a new contract with WBZ: Matinee with Bob and Ray but by April of  1956 they terminated their taped WBZ program because they were so busy with their network schedule. Alan Dary got the spot. Bob & ray continued to do daily shows for the Mutual network from 1955 to 1957, then CBS from 1959 to 1960, and on New York station WINS. In 1962 they moved to WHN to start an afternoon show and in 1973 WOR doing a 4-hour afternoon drive program.  In their final incarnation they started a program on NPR: The Bob & Ray Public Radio Show. That ran until 1987. They won three Peabody Awards for their radio work and were inducted into the National Association of Broadcasters Hall of Fame in 1984 and the National Radio Hall of Fame in 1995.

Goulding died in 1990. Born in 1922 he was 68. Many assumed the 67 year old Elliot might retire but instead he became a cast member of Garrison Keillor’s American Radio Company of the Air,  which briefly replaced A Prairie Home Companion on NPR.  Then he started making appearances in movies, and commercials something deeply ironic for a man who had made so many fake advertisements. Ellior once said "By the time we discovered we were introverts, it was too late to do anything about it.”

The Spy Who Loved Radio

This is one of those stories in radio that seems a bit too strange. But on the face of it, numerous other public figures, and even politicians have owned media outlets. So maybe it's not that improbable that once, in the 70-year history of the CIA, a known spook happened to also buy WINS-AM in New York City in 1953.

Let's start before he was in the CIA. Lt. Col. John Elroy McCaw was from from Aberdeen, WA.  He founded the first radio station in Centralia, WA: 1440 KELA-AM, in 1937 and owned the Lewis and Clark Hotel where it was originally housed. Years later McCaw also bought station 1260 KYA-AM (with John D. Keating) in San Francisco, 630 KPOA-AM in Hawaii [SOURCE] and 1010 WINS in New York.
 In 1953 In FCC docket 9041 in an Aladdin radio and Television application the bureau listed off a long series of McCaw's facility ownerships and their relative percentages over the prior 20 years:

Call Letters	Frequency	City	State	Percentage
KRSC-AM	1150	Seattle	WA	100%
KORC-AM	1140	Mineral Wells	YX	100%
KELA-AM	1440	Centralia	WA	50%
KYA-AM	1260	San Francisco	CA	50%
KYAK-AM	930	Yakima	WA	33⅓%
KALE-AM	960	Richland	WA	33⅓%
KALE-FM	106.1	Richland	WA	33⅓%
KPOA-AM	630	Honolulu	HI	50%

It appears that most of his large acquisitions involved Keating and/or Charles Skouras. His company in that acquisition was Gotham Broadcasting Corporation. In the book Big Deal: Mergers and Acquisitions in the Digital Age author Bruce Wasserstein praises McCaw's work but not his paperwork, calling him a "freewheeling entrepreneur." One of his wife's obituaries refers to his "his handshake deals."  But he was very successful despite that undercurrent of chaos. I'll quote Wasserstein:

"He converted New York station WINS to the country's first rock station in the middle 1950s, and within 9 years flipped the station for twenty times more than he had paid. At his height, Elroy McCaw owned interests in dozens of radio, television and cable television companies."

His wife Marion was no slouch either. After the end of WWII she started her own radio station KAPA-AM in Raymond, WA. None of this mentions that he had another job. It's not the kind of job you put on your resume, and not the kind of job where you can always tell people what you did at work today. Information is scant. But we know that the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) was formed at least officially in 1942 by President Roosevelt. Lacking cooperation from existing U.S. agencies, early agents were trained by the British. President Truman dissolved the department in 1945, but it's functions were divided between the War Department and the State Department. By the end of the year the term "Central Intelligence Agency" was appearing on documents to describe the collection of intelligence groups, and by 1947 it was official. He has no entry in Wikipedia except in the biographies of his now wealthy heirs. But one of his wife's obituaries get's into the details. [SOURCE].

Throughout the war, she [Marion] commuted from Washington D.C. when necessary while Elroy served at Army Air Forces Headquarters in the Pentagon as Executive Officer and Special Assistant to General McClelland, head of USAAF communications. He was also McClelland’s liaison to OSS.

His exact involvement as you expect, is unknown. I've never filed a FOIA request and I don't intend to. But I have to admit I'm curious. Many businessmen served in the military during wartime— notably Robert S. McNamara who left Harvard to serve in WWI, then left Ford to serve as Secretary of Defense under Kennedy. Very few figures would be so high profile. An issue of the The O.S.S. Society seems to bear a note from son Bruce McCaw looking for more information from retired OSS members about his fathers life. (The operations referred to involve radio controlled ships.)

"My father, Lt. Col. John Elroy McCaw, worked on OSS Special Projects known as operations Aphrodite, Simmons, and Javaman. He worked with OSSers John Shaheen and Jim Rand and is particularly interested in Javaman, which called for blowing up the tunnel connecting Kyushu and Honshu prior to the invasion of Japan.”

Another obituary notes that the family moved to Seattle in 1953. Several sources note that he died in 1969 suddenly, after a brief illness. [Nothing suspicious here, moving along] The cause is never listed but it's clear that his finances were in disarray due to his informal business practices. When his estate was cleaned up, all that remained was a single cable company with fewer than 30,00 subscribers. His sons built that up and bought heavily into cell networks as Cellular One, then sold out to AT&T. It was renamed renamed AT&T Wireless. Today most of them are listed by Forbes. More here.

The Night Club of the Air

You know Morey Amsterdam as the actor that played Buddy Sorrell on The Dick Van Dyke Show back in the 1960s.  But that wasn't his first spin in broadcasting. In the 1930s he was a regular guest on  The Al Pearce Show , and was a substitute host on the CBS radio show Broadway and Vine. But he did relatively little notable radio. He'd also done guest spots on the Komedy Kingdom, The Laugh 'N' Swing Club, Gloom Dodgers, The Chesterfield Supper Club, Hollywood's Open House, and a number of bit parts.  Then on TV, he had an eponymous program back in 1948 and 1949 airing on both RV and radio with the same cast but different scripts.

Somebody must have liked him because despite the 10 year string of bit comedy appearances singing "Yucca puck" he ended up hosting an obscure series called "The Night Club of the Air" on the NBC Blue Network. It's a truly obscure show, with just a single paragraph listing in the Encyclopedia of Old-Time Radio. That gig preceded all the appearances listed above. How did that ever happen? Born in 1908, Amsterdam  would have been 29 years old and hosting his own radio show. It was said he briefly worked in a speakeasy operated by Al Capone... maybe he did know somebody.

Well first of all it might not be true. I found a program of that name listed on a 1949 WINS schedule running at 7:15 PM on a weeknight. But it appears that the show name was recycled several times. In 1930 "Bobby Mac's Radio Night Club of The Air" debuted on KXL, airing midnight to 3:00 AM. It was scaled back a couple times but continued to run until at least 1931.  The "WPEN Night Club of the Air" ran in Philadelphia hosted by Don Frank, Frank Kent, and Fred Darwin, in that order between 1943 and 1944. In Canada there was  Crosse and Blackwell's “Morning Night Club of the Air” on CFRB.  There was also the NBC Night Club (1938),  the Bob Wills Night Club of the Air," Radio night Club on WEBQ,  "the Night Club Parade" on WFBL, the Night Club Extravaganza on KMBC, the "Silvertown Nite Club" on WBRC, The Friday Night Club of the Air on WBBM,  The WHB Night Club of the Air, the "KTUL Night Club of the Air", the "Night Club of the Air" on WROK, and others. 

Out of all of these, there are two programs that may be the one connected to Amsterdam. There was a "Night Club of the Air" listed jointly on WHB, WCAE, WSGN and WPEN, possibly the same one DJ'd by Don Frank and maybe even the one on WHB.  Then there was also the NBC Night Club of The Air. Both of these are listed separately in 1937 directories. I thought they might be the same program, but those stations were not all NBC affiliates in that era. I suspect it's the NBC program, not for any documented connection to Amsterdam, but for the documented history of DJs attached to the program on WPEN.

Moondog Vs. Moondog

You all know the name Allan Freed. You know his rise and his fall and about the payola scandal and the whole sordid story.  You might even know that he sometimes referred to himself as "moondog" or "the moondog" and to his listeners as "moondoggers."  His show was "The Moondog House" the "Moondog Houseparty" or even "the Moondog Rock and Roll Party." The Moondog thing began around July of 1951 while he was still in Cleveland on 850 WJW-AM.

The problem began in 1954 when he got hired by 1010 WINS-AM. Actually he did a concert in Newark, NJ in advance of his move win WINS, "The Moondog Coronation Ball." But in New York City the name Moondog was already in use by Louis T. Hardin, a blind eccentric street musician who dressed like a viking. Hardin was no crazy hobo. He attended the Memphis Conservatory of Music. Hardin was a professional musician who'd already done work with film scores. He picketed WINS, Freed sued to scare him off. It didn't work. Hardin filed his own claim to defend his brand name. It was ugly.  Even Igor Stravinsky came to his defense. (You can read the documentation here.)  In his complaint he stated that Freed was inspired by an instrumental recording named the "Moondog Symphony" that he had written. This may seem apocryphal but Freed all but cops to it in the court transcript. I had initially assumed this to be untrue sine Hardin had only recorded four sides on 78 rpm by the suit in 1954. [more here] How WJW got copies I can't venture to guess.

Freed contended that his on-air name was "Moondog House" and that WJW actually had the rights to the term. He further claimed that his show was the Alan Freed show. Even more interesting is that WJW in getting the rights to the name "Moondog" used them to enjoin Freed from using the name when he left. But that was all in Cleveland. Hardin had been using the name Moondog since 1947 in New York. Despite the archaic definition of moondog (a synonym for moonbow) Hardin actually just took the name from a howling dog.

Freed lost. He was enjoined from using the name Moondog and had to pay damages to Hardin. He re-named his show during the trial to"The Alan Freed Rock and Roll Party." Moodog continued to dress like a viking, and to write and record eccentric music of no popular consequence. Freed's answers to some money questions in deposition would come back to haunt him later. Moondog ended up out living Freed by 34 years, but Freeds's fame appears to be outliving them both.

Chez Show and the Copacabana

The Copacabana Lounge first opened November 10th, 1940. The club was located at 10 East 60th Street in NYC. The owner officially was Monte Proser but the club was in bed with mob boss Frank Costello. Costello installed Jules Podell as his man inside the business. Eventually Podell was the name on the lease.

Jack's broadcasting career began a decade earlier at WMCA-AM where he delivered a radio version of a Broadway gossip column he wrote for a New York theatrical publication. Variety claims a plug in an Ed Sullivan column landed him this gig.

But the Copa gig began in 1947. Eigen had a program on WHN cut a deal with Copa boss Jules Podell to do a radio program. It was to be broadcast live from The Copacabana Lounge, one of New York's busiest nightclubs. Podell made arrangements with 1010 WINS-AM to carry it. The whole program was done with 2 turntables, 2 microphones and 2 phone lines. The program ran midnight to four AM, seven days a week. It debuted April 22nd, 1947. Eigen's theme song was "Jack, Jack, Jack" performed by the five DeMarco Sisters. (Interesting to note that in 1944 the club had a no blacks policy, banning African-Americans from the venue and thus the radio show). More here. Fred Allen regularly mentioned Eigen on his broadcasts, adding to his reputation beyond Manhattan. More here.

The program ended in 1950. The Copa started a new show that diminished the role of the disc jockey. New Host Johnny McKnight started in October of 1950 and the new show "Meet me at the Copa" via WVNJ-AM in New Jersey. By Then WINS had backed out and Eigns program was on WMGM. n Chicago Eigen's did a program called "Chez Show" on 670 WMAQ-AM. It was love from the Chez Paree restaurant was was 30 minutes long and ran 6 nights a week. It was similar to his Copa program and began sometime in 1951. More here.

He worked a year in St. Louis radio. Then returned to Chicago in 1960 to resume The Jack Eigen Show on WMAQ. He stayed there until at least 1966. he relocated to Florida in 1971 where he continued to broadcast on local stations. I wish I could say witch ones. He died in Fort Lauderdale in1983. Not bad for a kid from Brooklyn who started out as a pin setter in a bowling alley.

Bogarting the beatles

It was not immediately obvious that The Beatles were going to be such a success. it seems ridiculous now, but in radio that's how things are.

When the WABC disc jockeys first heard Fab Four records in 1963, they were hardly impressed. They were not alone in that assessment. There were many in both the music and the radio industry who felt the same way. ...But as beatlemania set in, their opinions changed quickly.

WABC set upon a way to own beatlemania.
1. they would get new Beatles music before anyone else
2. they would debut it on Fridays to keep it out of the hands of other stations for as long as possible

Of course, WABC was not the only New York radio station trying to jump on The Beatles bandwagon. So were WINS and WMCA. Competition was intense for everything The Beatles did from releasing new records to their visits to New York. At WINS, Murray "the K" Kaufman dubbed himself the "Fifth Beatle" and WMCA battled WABC for every exclusive. This created one of the great radio station battles of all time. The prize for the station that could ultimately outdo the others and attract that huge "Beatlemania" audience was going to be the ratings winner. And, they all knew it.

For its part in the rivalry, WABC was up to the challenge. Specific Beatles jingles were commissioned from PAMS centered around the theme "W A Beatle C". These jingles were attached to every Beatles record played. There were Beatles look a like contests, poster contests, and name your favorite Beatle contests. WABC even gave away a giant photo of The Beatles that was used as a backdrop for the ABC TV show "Shindig".

But it was long John Wade at WDRC that was the real winner. He was the only American Dj allowed to tour with the band. In 1964 he was one of two Americans allowed to actually fly with them, an unprecedented level of access. Even Murray "the K" Kaufman, the so-called 5th Beatle wasn't allowed that close.

A tale of two DJS

In the mid fifties there were two very mighty DJs. Thsi was a world long before MTV or VJs and as entertainers went... without being a rockstar they were as big as big got.

I'm talking about Dick Clark and Alan Freed.

I mentioned Mr. Moondong himself in my poston the Sony Paola scandal and later thought I was unfair. I threw his name out ther ewithout any backstory at all. Most of us are vaguely aware of the story, vaguely aware that hew was bribed. Nobody sems to know by whom, for what record or for how much.... So let me put it in prespective.

This was an era where there were no Federal payola laws. NONE. So these were violations only of state law. A lot of equity trading law, and related contract law has changed since then too so please, really listen to this one.

In 1957 Alan Freed got a show on WABC-AM new york. He'd come over from WINS-AM and had to for legal reasons related to a vagrant musician had to change his DJ name and his show name. Never mind that his PIA would forbid this today but just know that he was at WABC at this point, his new show was "Big Beat" and that Dick Clark by all reports hated his guts.

So Alan takes a bribe, and then a couple more. Later on he would he would put the tally in court documents at about $30,650 from seven record labels. Just previousto this WABC asked all staff to sign contracts stating that they had never taken bribes and never would. Alan refused. It made him a target and it was a poor choice. But it might have been unavoidable. The State of New York fined him $300.
Regardless. He was out at WABC after the arrest came down. He moved to KDAY in Los Angeles. Three years later he was busted again for taking $2,700 in payola from Sun records among others. The bust sent him to WQAM in Miami... and onward.

Dick Clark was running American Bandstand at this point. He signed the contract. Dick claimed to have never taken payola. Tuth told, he probably hadn't. Instead he held stock in 33 music companies. In court he admitted that these "investments" were making him $500,000 a year. On his show he frequenty played songs by bands wherein he held label intrest or publishing monies.

For example. He owned a peice of Duane Eddy. So Duane got played more than say... The Beatles. This went on until WABC pressured him to divest the "questionable conflicts." Dick didnt exactly take payola since he would only have to bribe himself.

TOTALS:
Alan Freed: under $35,000
Dick Clark: over $10,000,000 (probably more)

But Dick played the game and American rascist politics was pretty mad at Alan for refusing to play the lame-ass WHITE VERSIONS of black R&B hits. Dick Played Pat Boone versions. Alan played the original singles when they orignially came out. He was spinning cuts by by Joe Turner, Little Richard and Fats Domino. Thats why there were congressional hearings. It was not about the damn 30 grand.